A cooling tower is a half-closed device used for evaporative cooling of water through the air contact. Its key role is to eliminate unwanted heat present in the atmosphere via condenser. These towers are significant for industrial process, like oil refineries, petrochemical and chemical plants, thermal power plants, etc. Manufacturers of Natural draft and fanless cooling tower is one of such types that are used in large thermal power and chemical plants.
Different Zones Where These Towers Are Used
- Spray zone
- Fill zone
- Rain zone
There Are Two Types of Natural Draft Cooling Tower Designs
- Spray type
- Splash deck type
Spray type cooling tower is compact box-shaped structure that is equipped with spray headers, spray nozzles, and louvers (usually made of steel). Louvers are located on the sides to improve natural circulation of air present in the tower. To stop water droplets entering to the atmosphere, engineers have placed louvers in slanted position towards the inside. Industries generally make use of such towers outside the building to ease the air flow through the tower.
The size of spray nozzle plays important role. It it is too fine, lots of water will be taken away by the air and if it is too large, the area of water contact with air will get reduced.
On the other hand, splash deck design possesses water box instead of spray header. This water box contains small holes at the bottom. This tower is also equipped with decking. The hot water enters from the condenser into water box and splashes through holes on the decking. Decking helps in increasing the surface area of contact of air with warm water. Splash deck design is 20-30% better than spray type cooling tower design.
Various Benefits Offered By Natural Draft Cooling Towers-
- Power saving
- Zero mechanical noise
- Environmental friendly
- Safety of operation
- Limited plot area
- No recirculation
- Limited maintenance
- Durable
- Less pressure in the air inlet
- Reduction of pumping power
- Low acoustic pressure in air inlet
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